{"id":1088,"date":"2023-04-24T10:26:38","date_gmt":"2023-04-24T08:26:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/border-identity-as-a-security-risk-on-todays-registration-of-border-dwellers-in-kenya\/"},"modified":"2023-05-17T13:11:29","modified_gmt":"2023-05-17T11:11:29","slug":"border-identity-as-a-security-risk-on-todays-registration-of-border-dwellers-in-kenya","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/or-colonialism-and-borders\/border-identity-as-a-security-risk-on-todays-registration-of-border-dwellers-in-kenya\/","title":{"rendered":"Border identity as a security risk: On the contemporary registration of borderland residents in Kenya"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1088\" class=\"elementor elementor-1088 elementor-68\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7448e729 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7448e729\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_motion_fx_mouse&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_mouseTrack_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_mouseTrack_direction&quot;:&quot;negative&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_mouseTrack_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;0.4&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17d1590e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"17d1590e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66650487 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"66650487\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Border identity as a security risk: On the contemporary registration of borderland residents in Kenya\n\n<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cd32593 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7cd32593\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/or-colonialism-and-borders\/\">Station OR \/ Colonialism and borders\n<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-902ab4a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"902ab4a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a269d57 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a269d57\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70bf1a0a elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70bf1a0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The effects of colonial borders continue to have an impact. <strong>In the course of independence, the majority of the African Union agreed to maintain the colonial borders &#8211; above all in order to prevent territorial wars.<\/strong> Nevertheless, the colonial demarcations still lead to conflicts in many places today. One example is the so-called &#8220;Shifta&#8221; war in Kenya in the 1960s. The Somali population wanted to effect their secession from Kenya and a change in the colonial borders in order to join the state of Somalia. Although a referendum during the British colonial period had assured this to the population, it had never been implemented. Even today, the relationship between the Kenyan state and its Somali population is tense, which is also reflected in the <strong>difficult access to national identification documents.<\/strong>     <\/p>\n<p><strong>Many border residents today hold two passports in order to be able to identify themselves flexibly as holders of both nationalities<\/strong> &#8211; even though this is not officially permitted everywhere. In Kenya, such practices are now considered a security risk. <strong>In the name of preventing terrorism, the government has introduced special ID verification procedures<\/strong> that affect not only Somalis but also other border populations. In order to obtain a national identity card, all border residents aged 18 and above must &#8220;prove&#8221; to a committee, together with relatives or by presenting school certificates, <strong>that they are Kenyan citizens.<\/strong>   <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c91094d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3c91094d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-530e13a6 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"530e13a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e45beda elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"3e45beda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;dots&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:30,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 1\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"3e45beda\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Illustration of the registration process for a Kenyan ID document (by Tamara Zgraggen &amp; Olivia Emefiele, students at KISD)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ2NCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2JvcmRlcnN0b3JpZXMuZGVcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjNcLzA1XC9HcmVuemlkZW50aXRhZXQtYWxzLVNpY2hlcmhlaXRzcmlzaWtvLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjNlNDViZWRhIn0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grenzidentitaet-als-Sicherheitsrisiko.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Grenzidentitaet-als-Sicherheitsrisiko.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration of the registration process for a Kenyan ID document (by Tamara Zgraggen &amp; Olivia Emefiele, students at KISD)\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">Illustration of the registration process for a Kenyan ID document (by Tamara Zgraggen &amp; Olivia Emefiele, students at KISD)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b3b4cb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6b3b4cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5290519 elementor-post-navigation-borders-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-navigation\" data-id=\"5290519\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-navigation.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post-navigation\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"Post Navigation\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post-navigation__prev elementor-post-navigation__link\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/or-colonialism-and-borders\/kipande-a-colonial-instrument-of-power\/\" rel=\"prev\"><span class=\"post-navigation__arrow-wrapper post-navigation__arrow-prev\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-left\"><\/i><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Prev<\/span><\/span><span class=\"elementor-post-navigation__link__prev\"><span class=\"post-navigation__prev--label\">back<\/span><span class=\"post-navigation__prev--title\">Kipande: A colonial instrument of power<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post-navigation__separator-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post-navigation__separator\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post-navigation__next elementor-post-navigation__link\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/or-colonialism-and-borders\/limits-of-being-identity-in-the-mirror-of-society\/\" rel=\"next\"><span class=\"elementor-post-navigation__link__next\"><span class=\"post-navigation__next--label\">forward<\/span><span class=\"post-navigation__next--title\">Limits of being? Identity in the mirror of society<\/span><\/span><span class=\"post-navigation__arrow-wrapper post-navigation__arrow-next\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-right\"><\/i><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Next<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c28bf4 elementor-align-center elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9c28bf4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/or-colonialism-and-borders\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Overview Station OR \/ <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The effects of colonial borders continue to have an impact. In the course of independence, the majority of the African Union agreed to maintain the colonial borders &#8211; above all in order to prevent territorial wars.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1464,"parent":1087,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1088","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1088","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1088"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1088\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2695,"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1088\/revisions\/2695"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1087"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/borderstories.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1088"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}